{"id":4225,"date":"2023-06-14T10:15:46","date_gmt":"2023-06-14T08:15:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/?p=4225"},"modified":"2023-11-22T17:04:05","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T16:04:05","slug":"anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/","title":{"rendered":"Anterior segment eye diseases in individuals with trisomy 21"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4225\" class=\"elementor elementor-4225\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bcd2501 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bcd2501\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d33776\" data-id=\"3d33776\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-739d8ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"739d8ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>OPHTHALMOLOGICAL PATHOLOGIES<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3e818e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f3e818e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Anterior segment eye diseases<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94c524a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"94c524a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4166f5b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4166f5b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2f6aac\" data-id=\"a2f6aac\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68055fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"68055fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"932\" height=\"572\" src=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3829\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil.jpeg 932w, https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil-300x184.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil-768x471.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 932px) 100vw, 932px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a45ba83\" data-id=\"a45ba83\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79f5f96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"79f5f96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1271\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1271\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">CHAPTER OUTLINE<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1271\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1271\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/the-eye-and-vision-in-individuals-with-trisomy-21\/\">1- The eye and vision<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/related-pathologies-of-the-eyes-in-individuals-with-trisomy-21\/\">2- Related pathologies of the eye<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/vision-disorders-trisomy-21\/\">3- Vision disorders<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/\">4- Anterior segment eye diseases<\/a><\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/posterior-segment-eye-diseases-in-individuals-with-trisomy-21\/\">5- Posterior segment eye diseases<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/neuro-ophthalmology-and-trisomy-21\/\">6- Neuro-ophtalmology<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-da3cd7c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"da3cd7c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18c48beb\" data-id=\"18c48beb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b33d20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6b33d20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3acff4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3acff4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The iris, cornea and crystalline lens are likely to be affected by anomalies in people with trisomy 21. Increased observation is needed, in both children and adults, for more effective management.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Dr. Herv\u00e9 Walti, pediatrician at the Institut J\u00e9r\u00f4me Lejeune, talks to us about these pathologies of the anterior segment of the eye in the video below and the accompanying fact sheet. For the full chapter, click on the links on the right of the page.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-985d68f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"985d68f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed6e280 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"ed6e280\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/D-ykcs3MPW4&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f97502 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7f97502\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28cf097 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"28cf097\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/3.4-Anterior-Segment-Eye-Diseases-EN.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download the Summary Sheet<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42170bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"42170bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09d9e5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09d9e5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Discover below the presentation associated with this video on the subject of &#8220;Ophthalmological pathologies&#8221;.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-057dae3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"057dae3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-da69d35 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"da69d35\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-881c542\" data-id=\"881c542\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b54b07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"6b54b07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"_df_book df-lite\" id=\"df_4192\"  _slug=\"3-4-pathologies-du-segment-anterieur-de-loeil-en\" data-title=\"3-4-pathologies-du-segment-anterieur-de-loeil-en\" wpoptions=\"true\" thumbtype=\"\" ><\/div><script class=\"df-shortcode-script\" nowprocket type=\"application\/javascript\">window.option_df_4192 = {\"outline\":[],\"autoEnableOutline\":\"false\",\"autoEnableThumbnail\":\"false\",\"overwritePDFOutline\":\"false\",\"direction\":\"1\",\"pageSize\":\"0\",\"source\":\"https:\\\/\\\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/06\\\/4.-PATHOLOGIE-SEGMENT-ANTERIEUR-DE-LOEIL_VFPN-eng.pdf\",\"wpOptions\":\"true\"}; if(window.DFLIP && window.DFLIP.parseBooks){window.DFLIP.parseBooks();}<\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13c17d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"13c17d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fcde9d elementor-align-justify btn-refs elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"0fcde9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">See references<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f7fcdf div-refs div-refs-closed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9f7fcdf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-73311bc\" data-id=\"73311bc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd1cd02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fd1cd02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Akoto T, Li JJ, Estes AJ, Karamichos D, Liu Y. The Underlying Relationship between Keratoconus and Down Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 16;23(18):10796.<\/li><li>Alio JL, Vega-Estrada A, Sanz P, Osman AA, Kamal AM, Mamoon A, Soliman H. Corneal Morphologic Characteristics in Patients With Down Syndrome. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2018 Sep 1;136(9):971-978.<\/li><li>Asgari S, Aghamirsalim M, Mehravaran S, Hashemi H. Effect of Down syndrome and keratoconus on corneal density and volume: a triple comparative study. Sci Rep. 2020a Jun 4;10(1):9098.<\/li><li>Asgari S, Hashemi H, Fotouhi A, Mehravaran S. Anterior chamber dimensions, angles and pupil diameter in patients with Down syndrome: A comparative population-based study. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020b May;68(5):793-797.<\/li><li>Aslan L, Aslankurt M, Aksoy A, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015falan Y. Differences of the anterior segment parameters in children with down syndrome. Ophthalmic Genet. 2014 Jun;35(2):74-8.<\/li><li>Bei L, Shui YB, Bai F, Nelson SK, Van Stavern GP, Beebe DC. A test of lens opacity as an indicator of preclinical Alzheimer Disease. Exp Eye Res. 2015 Nov;140:117-123.<\/li><li>Bromham NR, Woodhouse JM, Cregg M, Webb E, Fraser WI. Heart defects and ocular anomalies in children with Down&#8217;s syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol. 2002 Dec;86(12):1367-8.<\/li><li>Brushfield, T. Mongolism. Brit. J. Child. Dis. 21, 241\u2013258 (1924).<\/li><li>Bull MJ, Trotter T, Santoro SL, Christensen C, Grout RW; COUNCIL ON GENETICS, Burke LW, Berry SA, Geleske TA, Holm I, Hopkin RJ, Introne WJ, Lyons MJ, Monteil DC, Scheuerle A, Stoler JM, Vergano SA, Chen E, Hamid R, Downs SM, Grout RW, Cunniff C, Parisi MA, Ralston SJ, Scott JA, Shapira SK, Spire P. Health Supervision for Children and Adolescents With Down Syndrome. Pediatrics. 2022 May 1;149(5):e2022057010.<\/li><li>Fimiani F, Iovine A, Carelli R, Pansini M, Sebastio G, Magli A. Incidence of ocular pathologies in Italian children with Down syndrome. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2007 Sep-Oct;17(5):817-22.<\/li><li>Fong AH, Shum J, Ng AL, Li KK, McGhee S, Wong D. Prevalence of ocular abnormalities in adults with Down syndrome in Hong Kong. Br J Ophthalmol. 2013 Apr;97(4):423-8.<\/li><li>Gardiner C, Lanigan B, O&#8217;Keefe M. Postcataract surgery outcome in a series of infants and children with Down syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008 Aug;92(8):1112-6.<\/li><li>Godefrooij DA, de Wit GA, Uiterwaal CS, Imhof SM, Wisse RP. Age-specific Incidence and Prevalence of Keratoconus: A Nationwide Registration Study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017 Mar;175:169-172<\/li><li>Haargaard B, Fledelius HC. Down&#8217;s syndrome and early cataract. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006 Aug;90(8):1024-7.<\/li><li>Hammer A, Tabibian D, Richoz O, Hafezi F. Prise en charge du k\u00e9ratoc\u00f4ne par cross-linking du collag\u00e8ne corn\u00e9en [Keratoconus treatment by corneal cross-linking (CLX)]. Rev Med Suisse. 2014 Jun 4;10(433):1263-5. French.<\/li><li>Haseeb A, Huynh E, ElSheikh RH, ElHawary AS, Scelfo C, Ledoux DM, Maidana DE, Elhusseiny AM. Down syndrome: a review of ocular manifestations. Ther Adv Ophthalmol. 2022 Jun 30;14:25158414221101718.<\/li><li>Hashemi H, Miraftab M, Amanzadeh K, Seyedian MA, Vinciguerra R, Ambr\u00f3sio R Jr, Roberts C, Makateb A, Vinciguerra P, Asgari S. Keratoconus detection by novel indices in patients with Down syndrome: a cohort population-based study. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2020aMay;64(3):285-291.<\/li><li>Hashemi H, Amanzadeh K, Seyedian M, Zeraati H, Roberts CJ, Mehravaran S, Ambr\u00f3sio R Jr, Vinciguerra R, Vinciguerra P, Asgari S. Accelerated and Standard Corneal Cross-Linking Protocols in Patients with Down Syndrome: A Non-inferiority Contralateral Randomized Trial. Ophthalmol Ther. 2020b Dec;9(4):1011-1021.<\/li><li>Hashemi H, Asgari S. Corneal characteristics in Down syndrome patients with normal and keratoconic cornea. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Sep 16;9:985928.<\/li><li>Haugen OH, H\u00f8vding G, Eide GE. Biometric measurements of the eyes in teenagers and young adults with Down syndrome. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2001 Dec;79(6):616-25.<\/li><li>Jaeger EA. Ocular findings in Down&#8217;s syndrome. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1980;78:808-45.<\/li><li>Khokhar S, Banerjee M, Raj SJS, Sandhu S. Atypical morphological variants of congenital cataract in Down&#8217;s syndrome. BMJ Case Rep. 2021 May 7;14(5):e242759.<\/li><li>Kim JH, Hwang JM, Kim HJ, Yu YS. Characteristic ocular findings in Asian children with Down syndrome. Eye (Lond). 2002 Nov;16(6):710-4.<\/li><li>Krinsky-McHale SJ, Jenkins EC, Zigman WB, Silverman W. Ophthalmic disorders in adults with down syndrome. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2012;2012:974253.<\/li><li>Kristianslund O, Drolsum L. Prevalence of Keratoconus in Persons With Down Syndrome in a National Registry in Norway. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Mar 1;4(3):e210814.<\/li><li>Li EY, Chan TC, Lam NM, Jhanji V. Cataract surgery outcomes in adult patients with Down&#8217;s syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014 Sep;98(9):1273-6.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b110227\" data-id=\"b110227\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c377d31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c377d31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Li X, Si N, Song Z, Ren Y, Xiao W. Clinical and genetic findings in patients with congenital cataract and heart diseases. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2021 May 31;16(1):242.<\/li><li>Little JA, Mahil AS, Richardson P, Woodhouse JM, Vinuela-Navarro V, Saunders KJ. In-vivo anterior segment OCT imaging provides unique insight into cerulean blue-dot opacities and cataracts in Down syndrome. Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 22;10(1):10031.<\/li><li>Liza-Sharmini AT, Azlan ZN, Zilfalil BA. Ocular findings in Malaysian children with Down syndrome. Singapore Med J. 2006 Jan;47(1):14-9.<\/li><li>Maharana PK, Sharma N, Vajpayee RB. Acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2013 Aug;61(8):461-4.<\/li><li>Mathan JJ, Simkin SK, Gokul A, McGhee CNJ. Down syndrome and the eye: Ocular characteristics and ocular assessment. Surv Ophthalmol. 2022 Apr 1:S0039-6257(22)00043-1.<\/li><li>Moncaster JA, Pineda R, Moir RD, Lu S, Burton MA, Ghosh JG, Ericsson M, Soscia SJ, Mocofanescu A, Folkerth RD, Robb RM, Kuszak JR, Clark JI, Tanzi RE, Hunter DG, Goldstein LE. Alzheimer&#8217;s disease amyloid-beta links lens and brain pathology in Down syndrome. PLoS One. 2010 May 20;5(5):e10659.<\/li><li>Moncaster JA, Moir RD, Burton MA, Chadwick O, Minaeva O, Alvarez VE, Ericsson M, Clark JI, McKee AC, Tanzi RE, Goldstein LE. Alzheimer&#8217;s disease amyloid-\u03b2 pathology in the lens of the eye. Exp Eye Res. 2022 Aug;221:108974.<\/li><li>Mu\u00f1oz-Ortiz J, Charry-S\u00e1nchez JD, Bechara-Arango I, Blanco-Becerra M, Talero-Guti\u00e9rrez C, Gomez-Suarez M, de-la-Torre A. Down syndrome: a systematic review Prevalence of ophthalmological manifestations in pediatric and adolescent populations with of the literature. Syst Rev. 2022 Apr 22;11(1):75.<\/li><li>Ozcan AA, Ersoz TR. Severe acute corneal hydrops in a patient with Down syndrome and persistent eye rubbing. Ann Ophthalmol (Skokie). 2007 Spring;39(2):158-60.<\/li><li>PNDS : Protocole National de Diagnostic et de Soins Keratoc\u00f4ne , HAS 2021<\/li><li>Postolache L, Parsa CF. Brushfield spots and W\u00f6lfflin nodules unveiled in dark irides using near-infrared light. Sci Rep. 2018 Dec 21;8(1):18040.<\/li><li>Puri BK, Singh I. Prevalence of cataract in adult Down&#8217;s syndrome patients aged 28 to 83 years. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2007 Nov 22;3:26.<\/li><li>Rahi JS, Dezateux C. Congenital and infantile cataract in the United Kingdom: underlying or associated factors. British Congenital Cataract Interest Group. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 Jul;41(8):2108-14.<\/li><li>Saifee M, Kong L, Yen KG. Outcomes of Cataract Surgery in Children with Down Syndrome. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. 2017 Apr-Jun;12(2):243-244.<\/li><li>Santoro SL, Atoum D, Hufnagel RB, Motley WW. Surgical, medical and developmental outcomes in patients with Down syndrome and cataracts. SAGE Open Med. 2017 Jun 19;5:2050312117715583.<\/li><li>Shapiro MB, France TD. The ocular features of Down&#8217;s syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 1985 Jun 15;99(6):659-63.<\/li><li>Sharma R, Shankar S, Kumar N, Vichhare N. Immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery in Down syndrome. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2022 Nov;70(11):4089-4091.<\/li><li>Sheeladevi S, Lawrenson JG, Fielder AR, Suttle CM. Global prevalence of childhood cataract: a systematic review. Eye (Lond). 2016 Sep;30(9):1160-9.<\/li><li>Skeller E, \u00d8ster J. Eye symptoms in mongolism. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1951;29(2):149-61.<\/li><li>T\u0103taru CI, Voinea LM, T\u0103taru CP, Sima G. Clinical and therapeutic particularities of congenital cataracts in pediatric patients with Down syndrome. Rom J Ophthalmol. 2020 Apr-Jun;64(2):168-175.<\/li><li>Toprak I, Cavas F, Vega A, Vel\u00e1zquez JS, Alio Del Barrio JL, Alio JL. Evidence of a Down Syndrome Keratopathy: A Three-Dimensional (3-D) Morphogeometric and Volumetric Analysis. J Pers Med. 2021 Jan 30;11(2):82.<\/li><li>Traboulsi EI, Levine E, Mets MB, Parelhoff ES, O&#8217;Neill JF, Gaasterland DE. Infantile glaucoma in Down&#8217;s syndrome (trisomy 21). Am J Ophthalmol. 1988 Apr 15;105(4):389-94.<\/li><li>Wong V, Ho D. Ocular abnormalities in Down syndrome: an analysis of 140 Chinese children. Pediatr Neurol. 1997 May;16(4):311-4.<\/li><li>Woodward MA, Blachley TS, Stein JD. The Association Between Sociodemographic Factors, Common Systemic Diseases, and Keratoconus: An Analysis of a Nationwide Heath Care Claims Database. Ophthalmology. 2016 Mar;123(3):457-65.e2.<\/li><li>Yokoyama T, Tamura H, Tsukamoto H, Yamane K, Mishima HK. Prevalence of glaucoma in adults with Down&#8217;s syndrome. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2006 May-Jun;50(3):274-6.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9efc33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"e9efc33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\n    jQuery(\".btn-refs\").on(\"click\", function(e){\n        e.preventDefault()\n        jQuery(\".div-refs\").toggleClass(\"div-refs-closed\")\n    })\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\nbody:not(.elementor-editor-active) .div-refs{\n    transition: 0.3s;\n    max-height: 1000px;\n}\n    body:not(.elementor-editor-active) .div-refs-closed{\n        max-height: 0;\n        overflow: hidden !important;\n    }\n<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Discover the entire &#8220;Ophthalmological pathologies&#8221; chapter by clicking on the links on the right of the page.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":119,"featured_media":3830,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"thematique":[48],"type_contenu":[55],"class_list":["post-4225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medecin","thematique-medical-and-paramedical","type_contenu-video-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Anterior segment eye diseases in individuals with trisomy 21 - t21learning<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the entire &quot;Ophthalmological pathologies&quot; chapter by clicking on the links on the right of the page.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Anterior segment eye diseases in individuals with trisomy 21 - t21learning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Discover the entire &quot;Ophthalmological pathologies&quot; chapter by clicking on the links on the right of the page.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"t21learning\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/institutlejeune\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-14T08:15:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-22T16:04:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"932\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"572\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Constance Bertrand\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Constance Bertrand\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Anterior segment eye diseases in individuals with trisomy 21 - t21learning","description":"Discover the entire \"Ophthalmological pathologies\" chapter by clicking on the links on the right of the page.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Anterior segment eye diseases in individuals with trisomy 21 - t21learning","og_description":"Discover the entire \"Ophthalmological pathologies\" chapter by clicking on the links on the right of the page.","og_url":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/","og_site_name":"t21learning","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/institutlejeune","article_published_time":"2023-06-14T08:15:46+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-11-22T16:04:05+00:00","og_image":[{"width":932,"height":572,"url":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Constance Bertrand","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Constance Bertrand","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/"},"author":{"name":"Constance Bertrand","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/d21c44599e10ffddfe21748bc0ebcd22"},"headline":"Anterior segment eye diseases in individuals with trisomy 21","datePublished":"2023-06-14T08:15:46+00:00","dateModified":"2023-11-22T16:04:05+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/"},"wordCount":1455,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil.jpeg","articleSection":["M\u00e9decin"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/","url":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/","name":"Anterior segment eye diseases in individuals with trisomy 21 - t21learning","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil.jpeg","datePublished":"2023-06-14T08:15:46+00:00","dateModified":"2023-11-22T16:04:05+00:00","description":"Discover the entire \"Ophthalmological pathologies\" chapter by clicking on the links on the right of the page.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/segment_anterieur_oeil.jpeg","width":932,"height":572},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/anterior-segment-eye-diseases-trisomy-21\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Anterior segment eye diseases in individuals with trisomy 21"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/","name":"t21learning","description":"Le centre de ressources en ligne de l&#039;Institut J\u00e9r\u00f4me Lejeune","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#organization","name":"t21learning","url":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/t21learning_R.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/t21learning_R.svg","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"t21learning"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/institutlejeune"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/d21c44599e10ffddfe21748bc0ebcd22","name":"Constance Bertrand","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/82e5c173536c66d605e321329e61752ed30392d38ed16ba98b6be924917495ae?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/82e5c173536c66d605e321329e61752ed30392d38ed16ba98b6be924917495ae?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/82e5c173536c66d605e321329e61752ed30392d38ed16ba98b6be924917495ae?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Constance Bertrand"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/119"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4225"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5604,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4225\/revisions\/5604"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3830"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4225"},{"taxonomy":"thematique","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/thematique?post=4225"},{"taxonomy":"type_contenu","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type_contenu?post=4225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}