{"id":1969,"date":"2022-07-22T15:17:33","date_gmt":"2022-07-22T13:17:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/?p=1969"},"modified":"2023-11-22T17:23:21","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T16:23:21","slug":"general-overview-of-respiratory-pathologies-in-trisomy-21","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/general-overview-of-respiratory-pathologies-in-trisomy-21\/","title":{"rendered":"General Overview of Respiratory Pathologies in Trisomy 21"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1969\" class=\"elementor elementor-1969\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-72a6cbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"72a6cbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5da458\" data-id=\"b5da458\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e7c349 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e7c349\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGIES<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f972f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6f972f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">General Overview of Respiratory Pathologies in Trisomy 21<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ade1496 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ade1496\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c44d831\" data-id=\"c44d831\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcb356f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dcb356f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"932\" height=\"572\" src=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Presentation_generale_pahtoogies_respiratoires.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1972\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Presentation_generale_pahtoogies_respiratoires.jpeg 932w, https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Presentation_generale_pahtoogies_respiratoires-300x184.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Presentation_generale_pahtoogies_respiratoires-768x471.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 932px) 100vw, 932px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-df6b7b5\" data-id=\"df6b7b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d15eb8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"2d15eb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4721\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4721\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">CHAPTER OUTLINE<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4721\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4721\"><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/general-overview-of-respiratory-pathologies-in-trisomy-21\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1- General overview<\/a><\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/non-infectious-respiratory-pathologies-of-the-upper-airways\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2- Non-Infectious Respiratory Pathologies of the Upper Airways<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/non-infectious-pathologies-of-the-lungs-and-lower-airways\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3- Non-Infectious Pathologies of the Lungs and Lower Airways<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/infectious-respiratory-pathologies-of-the-upper-airways\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4- Infectious Respiratory Pathologies of the Upper Airways<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/lower-respiratory-tract-infections-in-individuals-with-trisomy-21\/\">5- Lower respiratory tract infections<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/preventing-respiratory-tract-infections-rtis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6- Preventing respiratory tract infections<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-osas\/\">7- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/central-sleep-apnea-alveolar-hypoventilation-and-hypoxemia\/\">8- Central Sleep Apnea, Alveolar Hypoventilation, and Hypoxemia<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\/en\/pulmonary-hemosiderosis-and-mucoviscidosis\/\">9- Pulmonary Hemosiderosis and Mucoviscidosis<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-122386f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"122386f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8ad00be\" data-id=\"8ad00be\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8c47a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8c47a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Respiratory pathologies are the leading cause of hospitalization and the second biggest cause of mortality in all age groups of patients with trisomy 21!<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>In this video and accompanying technical sheet, Dr. Herv\u00e9 Walti, a pediatrician at the J\u00e9r\u00f4me Lejeune Institute, provides a general overview of these pathologies. He gives a reminder of the main risk factors, explains their morbidity and mortality, emphasizes the diversity of clinical presentation, and the influence of other comorbidities. Lastly, he presents the general outline of the section on respiratory pathologies in patients with trisomy 21.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f16d585 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f16d585\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3905d11\" data-id=\"3905d11\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7143697 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"7143697\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/-a7QA1M7HBM&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-594d8db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"594d8db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Discover below the presentation associated with this video on the subject of \u201cinfectious respiratory pathologies of the lower airways\u201d.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb66eb0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"eb66eb0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4660f87\" data-id=\"4660f87\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d017d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7d017d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff9a86a elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"ff9a86a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"_df_book df-lite\" id=\"df_2915\"  _slug=\"2-1-general-introduction-to-respiratory-diseases-eng\" data-title=\"2-1-general-introduction-to-respiratory-diseases-eng\" wpoptions=\"true\" thumbtype=\"\" ><\/div><script class=\"df-shortcode-script\" nowprocket type=\"application\/javascript\">window.option_df_2915 = {\"outline\":[],\"autoEnableOutline\":\"false\",\"autoEnableThumbnail\":\"false\",\"overwritePDFOutline\":\"false\",\"direction\":\"1\",\"pageSize\":\"0\",\"source\":\"https:\\\/\\\/t21learning.institutlejeune.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/07\\\/1.-Presentation-generale_ENG.pdf\",\"wpOptions\":\"true\"}; if(window.DFLIP && window.DFLIP.parseBooks){window.DFLIP.parseBooks();}<\/script><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-762876b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"762876b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f7441e elementor-align-justify btn-refs elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4f7441e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">See references<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f07e7c8 div-refs div-refs-closed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f07e7c8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9705585\" data-id=\"9705585\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc25b73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fc25b73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Bloemers BL, van Furth AM, Weijerman ME, Gemke RJ, Broers CJ, van den Ende K, Kimpen JL, Strengers JL, Bont LJ. 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Eur Respir Rev. 2017 Feb 21;26(143):160098. doi: 10.1183\/16000617.0098-2016. PMID: 28223397.<\/li><li>Englund A, Jonsson B, Zander CS, Gustafsson J, Anner\u00e9n G. Changes in mortality and causes of death in the Swedish Down syndrome population. Am J Med Genet A. 2013 Apr;161A(4):642-9. doi: 10.1002\/ajmg.a.35706. Epub 2013 Feb 22. PMID: 23436430.<\/li><li>Fauroux B, Hasco\u00ebt JM, Jarreau PH, Magny JF, Roz\u00e9 JC, Saliba E, Schwarzinger M. Risk factors for bronchiolitis hospitalization in infants: A\u00a0French nationwide retrospective cohort study over four consecutive seasons (2009-2013). PLoS One. 2020 Mar 6;15(3):e0229766. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0229766. PMID: 32142528; PMCID: PMC7059917.<\/li><li>Fitzgerald P, Leonard H, Pikora TJ, Bourke J, Hammond G. Hospital admissions in children with down syndrome: experience of a population-based cohort followed from birth. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 13;8(8):e70401. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0070401. PMID: 23967074; PMCID: PMC3742744.<\/li><li>Garrison MM, Jeffries H, Christakis DA. Risk of death for children with down syndrome and sepsis. J Pediatr. 2005 Dec;147(6):748-52. doi: 10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.06.032. PMID: 16356424.<\/li><li>Hilton JM, Fitzgerald DA, Cooper DM. Respiratory morbidity of hospitalized children with Trisomy 21. J Paediatr Child Health. 1999 Aug;35(4):383-6. doi: 10.1046\/j.1440-1754.1999.00386.x. PMID: 10457298.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-392dc4a\" data-id=\"392dc4a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16a151a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16a151a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Joffre C, Lesage F, Bustarret O, Hubert P, Oualha M. Children with Down syndrome: Clinical course and mortality-associated factors in a French medical paediatric intensive care unit. J Paediatr Child Health. 2016 Jun;52(6):595-9. doi: 10.1111\/jpc.13214. PMID: 27333845.<\/li><li>McDowell KM, Craven DI. 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